Everything about The Siberian Pine totally explained
The
Siberian Pine (
Pinus sibirica; family
Pinaceae) is a species of
pine tree that occurs in
Siberia from 58°E in the
Ural Mountains east to 126°E in the Stanovoy Khrebet mountains in southern
Sakha Republic, and from
Igarka at 68°N in the lower
Yenisei valley, south to 45°N in central
Mongolia. In the north of its range, it grows at low altitudes, typically 100-200 m, whereas further south, it's a
mountain tree, growing at 1,000-2,400 m altitude. It often reaches the
alpine tree line in this area. The mature size is up to 30-40 m height, and 1.5 m trunk diameter.
It is a member of the
white pine group,
Pinus subgenus
Strobus, and like all members of that group, the leaves ('needles') are in fascicles (bundles) of five, with a deciduous sheath. They are 5-10 cm long. Siberian Pine
cones are 5-9 cm long. The 9-12 mm long
seeds have only a vestigial wing and are dispersed by
Spotted Nutcrackers.
Siberian Pine is treated as a variety or subspecies of the very similar
Swiss Pine (
Pinus cembra) by some botanists. It differs in having slightly larger cones, and needles with three
resin canals instead of two in Swiss Pine.
Like other European and
Asian white pines, Siberian Pine is very resistant to
White Pine Blister Rust (
Cronartium ribicola). This fungal disease was accidentally introduced from
Europe into
North America, where it has caused severe mortality in the American native white pines in many areas, notably the closely related
Whitebark Pine. Siberian Pine is of great value for research into hybridisation and genetic modification to develop rust resistance in these species.
Siberian Pine is a popular ornamental tree in
parks and large
gardens where the
climate is cold, such as central
Canada, giving steady though not fast growth on a wide range of sites. It is very tolerant of severe winter cold, hardy down to at least -60°C, and also of wind exposure. The seeds are also harvested and sold as
pine nuts.
The
Russian name
Кедр сибирский (Kedr Sibirskiy) is often mis-translated in English as "Siberian Cedar"; references to "cedar" in texts translated from Russian usually refer to this tree or related pines, not to
cedars.
Further Information
Get more info on 'Siberian Pine'.
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